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Prospects and limitations of wakefield acceleration in solids

机译:固体中尾场加速的前景和局限性

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摘要

Advances in the generation of relativistic intensity pulses with wavelengthsin the X-ray regime, through high harmonic generation from near-criticalplasmas, opens up the possibility of X-ray driven wakefield acceleration. Thesimilarity scaling laws for laser plasma interaction suggest that X-rays candrive wakefields in solid materials providing TeV/cm gradients, resulting inelectron and photon beams of extremely short duration. However, the wavelengthreduction enhances the quantum parameter $\chi$, hence opening the question ofthe role of non-scalable physics, e.g., the effects of radiation reaction.Using three dimensional Particle-In-Cell simulations incorporating QED effects,we show that for the wavelength $\lambda=5\,$nm and relativistic amplitudes$a_0=10$-100, similarity scaling holds to a high degree, combined with$\chi\sim 1$ operation already at moderate $a_0\sim 50$, leading to photonemissions with energies comparable to the electron energies. Contrasting to thegeneration of photons with high energies, the reduced frequency of photonemission at X-ray wavelengths (compared to at optical wavelengths) leads to areduction of the amount of energy that is removed from the electron populationthrough radiation reaction. Furthermore, as the emission frequency approachesthe laser frequency, the importance of radiation reaction trapping as adepletion mechanism is reduced, compared to at optical wavelengths for $a_0$leading to similar $\chi$.
机译:通过从近临界等离子体产生高次谐波,在X射线状态下产生具有波长的相对论强度脉冲的进展打开了X射线驱动的尾波加速的可能性。激光等离子体相互作用的相似缩放定律表明,X射线可以驱动固体材料中的尾场,从而提供TeV / cm梯度,从而导致电子束和光子束的持续时间极短。然而,波长的减少增强了量子参数$ \ chi $,因此提出了不可缩放的物理作用的问题,例如辐射反应的影响。使用结合了QED效应的三维质点模拟,我们证明了波长$ \ lambda = 5 \,$ nm和相对论振幅$ a_0 = 10 $ -100,相似度缩放在很大程度上保持不变,结合$ \ chi \ sim 1 $操作已经在中等$ a_0 \ sim 50 $的情况下,导致光发射的能量与电子能量相当。与具有高能量的光子的产生相反,在X射线波长处(与在光学波长处相比)降低的光发射频率导致减少了通过辐射反应从电子种群中除去的能量。此外,当发射频率接近激光频率时,辐射反应捕获作为填充机制的重要性与光波长下的$ a_0 $相比降低了,导致相似的$ \ chi $。

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